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+Работа с базами данных
+======================
+
+Этот раздел расскажет о том, как создать новую страницу, отображающую данные по странам, полученные из таблицы `countries` базы данных. Для достижения этой цели вам будет необходимо настроить подключение к базе данных, создать класс [Active Record](db-active-record.md), определить [action](structure-controllers.md), и создать [view](structure-views.md).
+
+Изучив эту часть, вы научитесь:
+
+* Настраивать подключение к БД
+* Определять класс Active Record
+* Запрашивать данные, используя класс Active Record
+* Отображать данные в виде с использованием пагинации
+
+Обратите внимание, чтобы усвоить этот раздел, вы должны иметь базовые знания и навыки использования баз данных.
+В частности, вы должны знать, как создать базу данных, и как выполнять SQL запросы, используя клиентские инструменты для работы с БД.
+
+Подготавливаем базу данных <a name="preparing-database"></a>
+----------------------
+
+Для начала, создайте базу данных под названием `yii2basic`, из которой вы будете получать данные в вашем приложении.
+Вы можете создать базу данных SQLite, MySQL, PostgreSQL, MSSQL или Oracle, так как Yii имеет встроенную поддержку для многих баз данных. Для простоты, в дальнейшем описании будет подразумеваться MySQL.
+
+После этого создайте в базе данных таблицу `country`, и добавьте в неё немного демонстрационных данных. Вы можете запустить следующую SQL инструкцию, чтобы сделать это:
+```sql
+CREATE TABLE `country` (
+ `code` CHAR(2) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
+ `name` CHAR(52) NOT NULL,
+ `population` INT(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0'
+) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
+
+INSERT INTO `country` VALUES ('AU','Australia',18886000);
+INSERT INTO `country` VALUES ('BR','Brazil',170115000);
+INSERT INTO `country` VALUES ('CA','Canada',1147000);
+INSERT INTO `country` VALUES ('CN','China',1277558000);
+INSERT INTO `country` VALUES ('DE','Germany',82164700);
+INSERT INTO `country` VALUES ('FR','France',59225700);
+INSERT INTO `country` VALUES ('GB','United Kingdom',59623400);
+INSERT INTO `country` VALUES ('IN','India',1013662000);
+INSERT INTO `country` VALUES ('RU','Russia',146934000);
+INSERT INTO `country` VALUES ('US','United States',278357000);
+```
+
+На данный момент у вас есть база данных под названием `yii2basic`, и внутри неё таблица `country` с тремя столбцами, содержащими десять строк данных.
+
+Настраиваем подключение к БД <a name="configuring-db-connection"></a>
+---------------------------
+
+Before proceeding, make sure you have installed both the [PDO](http://www.php.net/manual/en/book.pdo.php) PHP extension and
+the PDO driver for the database you are using (e.g. `pdo_mysql` for MySQL). This is a basic requirement
+if your application uses a relational database.
+
+With those installed, open the file `config/db.php` and change the parameters to be correct for your database. By default,
+the file contains the following:
+
+```php
+<?php
+
+return [
+ 'class' => 'yii\db\Connection',
+ 'dsn' => 'mysql:host=localhost;dbname=yii2basic',
+ 'username' => 'root',
+ 'password' => '',
+ 'charset' => 'utf8',
+];
+```
+
+The `config/db.php` file is a typical file-based [configuration](concept-configurations.md) tool. This particular configuration file specifies the parameters
+needed to create and initialize a [[yii\db\Connection]] instance through which you can make SQL queries
+against the underlying database.
+
+The DB connection configured above can be accessed in the application code via the expression `Yii::$app->db`.
+
+> Info: The `config/db.php` file will be included by the main application configuration `config/web.php`,
+ which specifies how the [application](structure-applications.md) instance should be initialized.
+ For more information, please refer to the [Configurations](concept-configurations.md) section.
+
+
+Creating an Active Record <a name="creating-active-record"></a>
+-------------------------
+
+To represent and fetch the data in the `country` table, create an [Active Record](db-active-record.md)-derived
+class named `Country`, and save it in the file `models/Country.php`.
+
+```php
+<?php
+
+namespace app\models;
+
+use yii\db\ActiveRecord;
+
+class Country extends ActiveRecord
+{
+}
+```
+
+The `Country` class extends from [[yii\db\ActiveRecord]]. You do not need to write any code inside of it! With just the above code,
+Yii will guess the associated table name from the class name.
+
+> Info: If no direct match can be made from the class name to the table name, you can
+override the [[yii\db\ActiveRecord::tableName()]] method to explicitly specify the associated table name.
+
+Using the `Country` class, you can easily manipulate data in the `country` table, as shown in these snippets:
+
+```php
+use app\models\Country;
+
+// get all rows from the country table and order them by "name"
+$countries = Country::find()->orderBy('name')->all();
+
+// get the row whose primary key is "US"
+$country = Country::findOne('US');
+
+// displays "United States"
+echo $country->name;
+
+// modifies the country name to be "U.S.A." and save it to database
+$country->name = 'U.S.A.';
+$country->save();
+```
+
+> Info: Active Record is a powerful way to access and manipulate database data in an object-oriented fashion.
+You may find more detailed information in the [Active Record](db-active-record.md) section. Alternatively, you may also interact with a database using a lower-level data accessing method called [Data Access Objects](db-dao.md).
+
+
+Creating an Action <a name="creating-action"></a>
+------------------
+
+To expose the country data to end users, you need to create a new action. Instead of placing the new action in the `site`
+controller, like you did in the previous sections, it makes more sense to create a new controller specifically
+for all actions related to the country data. Name this new controller `CountryController`, and create
+an `index` action in it, as shown in the following.
+
+```php
+<?php
+
+namespace app\controllers;
+
+use yii\web\Controller;
+use yii\data\Pagination;
+use app\models\Country;
+
+class CountryController extends Controller
+{
+ public function actionIndex()
+ {
+ $query = Country::find();
+
+ $pagination = new Pagination([
+ 'defaultPageSize' => 5,
+ 'totalCount' => $query->count(),
+ ]);
+
+ $countries = $query->orderBy('name')
+ ->offset($pagination->offset)
+ ->limit($pagination->limit)
+ ->all();
+
+ return $this->render('index', [
+ 'countries' => $countries,
+ 'pagination' => $pagination,
+ ]);
+ }
+}
+```
+
+Save the above code in the file `controllers/CountryController.php`.
+
+The `index` action calls `Country::find()`. This Active Record method builds a DB query and retrieves all of the data from the `country` table.
+To limit the number of countries returned in each request, the query is paginated with the help of a
+[[yii\data\Pagination]] object. The `Pagination` object serves two purposes:
+
+* Sets the `offset` and `limit` clauses for the SQL statement represented by the query so that it only
+ returns a single page of data at a time (at most 5 rows in a page).
+* It's used in the view to display a pager consisting of a list of page buttons, as will be explained in
+ the next subsection.
+
+At the end of the code, the `index` action renders a view named `index`, and passes the country data as well as the pagination
+information to it.
+
+
+Creating a View <a name="creating-view"></a>
+---------------
+
+Under the `views` directory, first create a sub-directory named `country`. This folder will be used to hold all the
+views rendered by the `country` controller. Within the `views/country` directory, create a file named `index.php`
+containing the following:
+
+```php
+<?php
+use yii\helpers\Html;
+use yii\widgets\LinkPager;
+?>
+<h1>Countries</h1>
+<ul>
+<?php foreach ($countries as $country): ?>
+ <li>
+ <?= Html::encode("{$country->name} ({$country->code})") ?>:
+ <?= $country->population ?>
+ </li>
+<?php endforeach; ?>
+</ul>
+
+<?= LinkPager::widget(['pagination' => $pagination]) ?>
+```
+
+The view has two sections relative to displaying the country data. In the first part, the provided country data is traversed and rendered as an unordered HTML list.
+In the second part, a [[yii\widgets\LinkPager]] widget is rendered using the pagination information passed from the action.
+The `LinkPager` widget displays a list of page buttons. Clicking on any of them will refresh the country data
+in the corresponding page.
+
+
+Trying it Out <a name="trying-it-out"></a>
+-------------
+
+To see how all of the above code works, use your browser to access the following URL:
+
+```
+http://hostname/index.php?r=country/index
+```
+
+
+
+At first, you will see a page showing five countries. Below the countries, you will see a pager with four buttons.
+If you click on the button "2", you will see the page display another five countries in the database: the second page of records.
+Observe more carefully and you will find that the URL in the browser also changes to
+
+```
+http://hostname/index.php?r=country/index&page=2
+```
+
+Behind the scenes, [[yii\data\Pagination|Pagination]] is providing all of the necessary functionality to paginate a data set:
+
+* Initially, [[yii\data\Pagination|Pagination]] represents the first page, which reflects the country SELECT query
+ with the clause `LIMIT 5 OFFSET 0`. As a result, the first five countries will be fetched and displayed.
+* The [[yii\widgets\LinkPager|LinkPager]] widget renders the page buttons using the URLs
+ created by [[yii\data\Pagination::createUrl()|Pagination]]. The URLs will contain the query parameter `page`, which
+ represents the different page numbers.
+* If you click the page button "2", a new request for the route `country/index` will be triggered and handled.
+ [[yii\data\Pagination|Pagination]] reads the `page` query parameter from the URL and sets the current page number to 2.
+ The new country query will thus have the clause `LIMIT 5 OFFSET 5` and return the next five countries
+ for display.
+
+
+Summary <a name="summary"></a>
+-------
+
+In this section, you learned how to work with a database. You also learned how to fetch and display
+data in pages with the help of [[yii\data\Pagination]] and [[yii\widgets\LinkPager]].
+
+In the next section, you will learn how to use the powerful code generation tool, called [Gii](tool-gii.md),
+to help you rapidly implement some commonly required features, such as the Create-Read-Update-Delete (CRUD)
+operations for working with the data in a database table. As a matter of fact, the code you have just written can all
+be automatically generated in Yii using the Gii tool.